University of TehranGlobal Media Journal-Persian Edition2008-04684220090923A Comparative Study on the Structure and the Content Covering of Political Events of Iran in National and International WebsitesA Comparative Study on the Structure and the Content Covering of Political Events of Iran in National and International Websites66567FAHosseinAfkhamiAlirezaAbdollahJournal Article19700101The objective of this study is to offer a comparative analysis of the structure and the content covering of political events of Iran by national and international websites. The structure of the research was based on then logic of content analysis. The main focus of this paper is on a comparative study on the structure and the content covering of political events among IRNA website as an Iranian official news agency and BBC-Persian and VOA sites. We will examine how these sites chose to put their emphasis on Iran’s political events. Statistical society in this study is consisted of all Iran news in the area of political and foreign affairs. The study was done in six-month period from January to June 2008. The sample size of this study included some 571 news and the sampling was done based on a random and systematic sampling during a two-week period. The unit of analysis was considered to be news. Descriptive and analytical findings indicate that there is a difference between IRNA, BBC-Persian and VOA. Each of the three websites put emphasis on “who” and news values considering the issue of reputation of the prominent people. This tendency indicates their personal idealism. All the news in the three websites is considered not to have been produced by the site and the share of IRNA in unproductiveness is more than the other three. Nuclear weapon was the main topic of the mentioned sites. A greater volume of news in IRNA and VOA were based on “hard news’ than BBC while BBC focused more on “soft news” along with follow-up information. News websites mostly use “photo” from all the facilities of multi-media. Unlike IRNA, BBC and VOA used more E-mail that was relevant to the subject matters of their sites.The objective of this study is to offer a comparative analysis of the structure and the content covering of political events of Iran by national and international websites. The structure of the research was based on then logic of content analysis. The main focus of this paper is on a comparative study on the structure and the content covering of political events among IRNA website as an Iranian official news agency and BBC-Persian and VOA sites. We will examine how these sites chose to put their emphasis on Iran’s political events. Statistical society in this study is consisted of all Iran news in the area of political and foreign affairs. The study was done in six-month period from January to June 2008. The sample size of this study included some 571 news and the sampling was done based on a random and systematic sampling during a two-week period. The unit of analysis was considered to be news. Descriptive and analytical findings indicate that there is a difference between IRNA, BBC-Persian and VOA. Each of the three websites put emphasis on “who” and news values considering the issue of reputation of the prominent people. This tendency indicates their personal idealism. All the news in the three websites is considered not to have been produced by the site and the share of IRNA in unproductiveness is more than the other three. Nuclear weapon was the main topic of the mentioned sites. A greater volume of news in IRNA and VOA were based on “hard news’ than BBC while BBC focused more on “soft news” along with follow-up information. News websites mostly use “photo” from all the facilities of multi-media. Unlike IRNA, BBC and VOA used more E-mail that was relevant to the subject matters of their sites.University of TehranGlobal Media Journal-Persian Edition2008-04684220090923Selling Journalism Educational Content; an analysis of the latest Modes of Commercialization in Media ContentSelling Journalism Educational Content; an analysis of the latest Modes of Commercialization in Media Content66568FAYahyaKamalipourSeyed MohammadGharebaghJournal Article19700101This paper is the result of a research project that was done on a sample of international media agencies which are involved in Journalism as well as in commercial activities. In this regard, the first question that we will be dealing with, here, is how these media cartels get involved in commercial activities for revenue purposes, in addition to their normal money-making activities that mainly is done through selling news, photos and commercial advertising? The second question deals with the issue of factors involved in making skills performed by reporters of BBC, CNN, Reuters, French News Agency, Associated Press to be precedent over skills performed by reporters of less famous media agencies. We will also examine the comparative educations between European and American schools of Journalism and that of Iranian counterparts. The objective of this comparison is to understand what are missing in the process of educating reporters and journalists in Iran so we can come of with solutions to mend the Iranian media economic system for a better and more effective journalism in Iran. The findings indicate that the media cartels use new modes of money-making alongside the traditional modes of commercial advertisements and infotainment. The new modes of educational contents are in fact the new ways of money-making that are used to increase their revenue. This has led them to be more significant not only because of their media activities but also because of their educational activities.This paper is the result of a research project that was done on a sample of international media agencies which are involved in Journalism as well as in commercial activities. In this regard, the first question that we will be dealing with, here, is how these media cartels get involved in commercial activities for revenue purposes, in addition to their normal money-making activities that mainly is done through selling news, photos and commercial advertising? The second question deals with the issue of factors involved in making skills performed by reporters of BBC, CNN, Reuters, French News Agency, Associated Press to be precedent over skills performed by reporters of less famous media agencies. We will also examine the comparative educations between European and American schools of Journalism and that of Iranian counterparts. The objective of this comparison is to understand what are missing in the process of educating reporters and journalists in Iran so we can come of with solutions to mend the Iranian media economic system for a better and more effective journalism in Iran. The findings indicate that the media cartels use new modes of money-making alongside the traditional modes of commercial advertisements and infotainment. The new modes of educational contents are in fact the new ways of money-making that are used to increase their revenue. This has led them to be more significant not only because of their media activities but also because of their educational activities.University of TehranGlobal Media Journal-Persian Edition2008-04684220090923A Discourse Analysis on Larry King’s Interview with Iranian President Compared to His Interview with Three Other PresidentsA Discourse Analysis on Larry King’s Interview with Iranian President Compared to His Interview with Three Other Presidents66569FAHasanBashirDepartment of Communication, Imam Sadiq UniversityHassanBashirJournal Article19700101This paper examines the comparative discourse analysis presented in Larry Kings interviews with Ahmadinejad and the three other interviewees, Vladimir Putin, the former president of Russia; 2- General Paviz Mosharraf , the Former president of Pakistan, and; 3-Viktor Yushchenko (president of Ukraine). Larry king used these interviews to create a new wave of media infotainment content, which we claim to represent a discourse here. Larry King, the celebrated showman of CNN, interviewed Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, On September 23, 2008. This interview stimulated various reactions both in Iran and in the U.S. but never was dealt with scientifically in Iran. Here, we will deal with the problematic of Larry King’s discursive interviews by setting the aim of this comparative discourse analysis to be an answer to the following questions: What functions do these sorts of interviews have? Who are the target groups and main audience of these interviews? Are they set to be U.S. general public? Or people of interviewees country? Or global public opinion? Or politicians and the elites?This paper examines the comparative discourse analysis presented in Larry Kings interviews with Ahmadinejad and the three other interviewees, Vladimir Putin, the former president of Russia; 2- General Paviz Mosharraf , the Former president of Pakistan, and; 3-Viktor Yushchenko (president of Ukraine). Larry king used these interviews to create a new wave of media infotainment content, which we claim to represent a discourse here. Larry King, the celebrated showman of CNN, interviewed Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, On September 23, 2008. This interview stimulated various reactions both in Iran and in the U.S. but never was dealt with scientifically in Iran. Here, we will deal with the problematic of Larry King’s discursive interviews by setting the aim of this comparative discourse analysis to be an answer to the following questions: What functions do these sorts of interviews have? Who are the target groups and main audience of these interviews? Are they set to be U.S. general public? Or people of interviewees country? Or global public opinion? Or politicians and the elites?University of TehranGlobal Media Journal-Persian Edition2008-04684220090923An Analysis of the Various Functions of the Mobile Phone Practiced by High School Male and Female Students in TehranAn Analysis of the Various Functions of the Mobile Phone Practiced by High School Male and Female Students in Tehran66570FASaidMoidfarAhmadGanjiJournal Article19700101This paper is the result of a research project performed to serve two main purposes: 1-understanding various dimensions of mobile phone user-defined functions, 2- studying factors affecting modes of using mobile phones. The type and the expense of using mobile phone constitute the two dependent variables of the research. The Independent variables of the research consist of six categories and each category includes various numbers of variables. This categorization takes place on the basis of Webster & Wakshlag Model. The questionnaires of this survey were distributed among 600 random research samples which included male and female high school students in Tehran. The findings of the research revealed that most of the respondents used mobile phones less than three hours per week and the total average mobile use among all samples was about 5/99 hours per week. Also and in the average, the students sent 121 SMSs and received 124 SMSs per week. The content of the students’ SMSs by frequency-order were as follows: everyday job-related necessities, ethnic jokes, educational jokes, sexual jokes, greetings, political jokes, condolence, and pornographic messages. The analytical results revealed that restrictions imposed on mobile phones have no effect on the type and extent of mobile phone use; users’ motivations have significant effect on the use of mobile phone. Also, the finding indicated that there is a significant negative correlation between the amount of time spent for family and the extent of mobile use.This paper is the result of a research project performed to serve two main purposes: 1-understanding various dimensions of mobile phone user-defined functions, 2- studying factors affecting modes of using mobile phones. The type and the expense of using mobile phone constitute the two dependent variables of the research. The Independent variables of the research consist of six categories and each category includes various numbers of variables. This categorization takes place on the basis of Webster & Wakshlag Model. The questionnaires of this survey were distributed among 600 random research samples which included male and female high school students in Tehran. The findings of the research revealed that most of the respondents used mobile phones less than three hours per week and the total average mobile use among all samples was about 5/99 hours per week. Also and in the average, the students sent 121 SMSs and received 124 SMSs per week. The content of the students’ SMSs by frequency-order were as follows: everyday job-related necessities, ethnic jokes, educational jokes, sexual jokes, greetings, political jokes, condolence, and pornographic messages. The analytical results revealed that restrictions imposed on mobile phones have no effect on the type and extent of mobile phone use; users’ motivations have significant effect on the use of mobile phone. Also, the finding indicated that there is a significant negative correlation between the amount of time spent for family and the extent of mobile use.University of TehranGlobal Media Journal-Persian Edition2008-04684220090923Ten challenges for open-access journalsTen challenges for open-access journals66571FAPeterSuberJournal Article19700101In this paper, I want to celebrate the progress of OA journals and the launch of the OASPA (Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association) by setting out what I see as the 10 greatest challenges facing OA journals. I want to do this without pretending to set the association agenda and without presupposing that association members don’t already know these challenges very well. I m not a member of the association or even a publisher. I merely want to see OA journals succeed. In what follows, when I say "you", I m talking to those who edit or publish OA journals. I start with three disparities: the gap between journal performance and what prevailing metrics say about journal performance (#1); the gap between the vision of OA embodied in the Budapest, Bethesda, and Berlin statements and the access policies at 85% of OA journals (#2); and the gap between a journals quality and its prestige, even when the quality is high (#3). Then I move on to seven kinds of doubt: doubts about quality (#4), preservation (#5), honesty (#6), publication fees (#7), sustainability (#8), redirection (#9), and strategy (#10).In this paper, I want to celebrate the progress of OA journals and the launch of the OASPA (Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association) by setting out what I see as the 10 greatest challenges facing OA journals. I want to do this without pretending to set the association agenda and without presupposing that association members don’t already know these challenges very well. I m not a member of the association or even a publisher. I merely want to see OA journals succeed. In what follows, when I say "you", I m talking to those who edit or publish OA journals. I start with three disparities: the gap between journal performance and what prevailing metrics say about journal performance (#1); the gap between the vision of OA embodied in the Budapest, Bethesda, and Berlin statements and the access policies at 85% of OA journals (#2); and the gap between a journals quality and its prestige, even when the quality is high (#3). Then I move on to seven kinds of doubt: doubts about quality (#4), preservation (#5), honesty (#6), publication fees (#7), sustainability (#8), redirection (#9), and strategy (#10).University of TehranGlobal Media Journal-Persian Edition2008-0468422009092366572FAJournal Article19700101In this paper, I want to celebrate the progress of OA journals and the launch of the OASPA (Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association) by setting out what I see as the 10 greatest challenges facing OA journals. I want to do this without pretending to set the association agenda and without presupposing that association members don’t already know these challenges very well. I m not a member of the association or even a publisher. I merely want to see OA journals succeed. In what follows, when I say "you", I m talking to those who edit or publish OA journals. I start with three disparities: the gap between journal performance and what prevailing metrics say about journal performance (#1); the gap between the vision of OA embodied in the Budapest, Bethesda, and Berlin statements and the access policies at 85% of OA journals (#2); and the gap between a journals quality and its prestige, even when the quality is high (#3). Then I move on to seven kinds of doubt: doubts about quality (#4), preservation (#5), honesty (#6), publication fees (#7), sustainability (#8), redirection (#9), and strategy (#10).In this paper, I want to celebrate the progress of OA journals and the launch of the OASPA (Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association) by setting out what I see as the 10 greatest challenges facing OA journals. I want to do this without pretending to set the association agenda and without presupposing that association members don’t already know these challenges very well. I m not a member of the association or even a publisher. I merely want to see OA journals succeed. In what follows, when I say "you", I m talking to those who edit or publish OA journals. I start with three disparities: the gap between journal performance and what prevailing metrics say about journal performance (#1); the gap between the vision of OA embodied in the Budapest, Bethesda, and Berlin statements and the access policies at 85% of OA journals (#2); and the gap between a journals quality and its prestige, even when the quality is high (#3). Then I move on to seven kinds of doubt: doubts about quality (#4), preservation (#5), honesty (#6), publication fees (#7), sustainability (#8), redirection (#9), and strategy (#10).University of TehranGlobal Media Journal-Persian Edition2008-0468422009092366573FAJournal Article19700101In this paper, I want to celebrate the progress of OA journals and the launch of the OASPA (Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association) by setting out what I see as the 10 greatest challenges facing OA journals. I want to do this without pretending to set the association agenda and without presupposing that association members don’t already know these challenges very well. I m not a member of the association or even a publisher. I merely want to see OA journals succeed. In what follows, when I say "you", I m talking to those who edit or publish OA journals. I start with three disparities: the gap between journal performance and what prevailing metrics say about journal performance (#1); the gap between the vision of OA embodied in the Budapest, Bethesda, and Berlin statements and the access policies at 85% of OA journals (#2); and the gap between a journals quality and its prestige, even when the quality is high (#3). Then I move on to seven kinds of doubt: doubts about quality (#4), preservation (#5), honesty (#6), publication fees (#7), sustainability (#8), redirection (#9), and strategy (#10).In this paper, I want to celebrate the progress of OA journals and the launch of the OASPA (Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association) by setting out what I see as the 10 greatest challenges facing OA journals. I want to do this without pretending to set the association agenda and without presupposing that association members don’t already know these challenges very well. I m not a member of the association or even a publisher. I merely want to see OA journals succeed. In what follows, when I say "you", I m talking to those who edit or publish OA journals. I start with three disparities: the gap between journal performance and what prevailing metrics say about journal performance (#1); the gap between the vision of OA embodied in the Budapest, Bethesda, and Berlin statements and the access policies at 85% of OA journals (#2); and the gap between a journals quality and its prestige, even when the quality is high (#3). Then I move on to seven kinds of doubt: doubts about quality (#4), preservation (#5), honesty (#6), publication fees (#7), sustainability (#8), redirection (#9), and strategy (#10).University of TehranGlobal Media Journal-Persian Edition2008-0468422009092366574FAJournal Article19700101In this paper, I want to celebrate the progress of OA journals and the launch of the OASPA (Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association) by setting out what I see as the 10 greatest challenges facing OA journals. I want to do this without pretending to set the association agenda and without presupposing that association members don’t already know these challenges very well. I m not a member of the association or even a publisher. I merely want to see OA journals succeed. In what follows, when I say "you", I m talking to those who edit or publish OA journals. I start with three disparities: the gap between journal performance and what prevailing metrics say about journal performance (#1); the gap between the vision of OA embodied in the Budapest, Bethesda, and Berlin statements and the access policies at 85% of OA journals (#2); and the gap between a journals quality and its prestige, even when the quality is high (#3). Then I move on to seven kinds of doubt: doubts about quality (#4), preservation (#5), honesty (#6), publication fees (#7), sustainability (#8), redirection (#9), and strategy (#10).In this paper, I want to celebrate the progress of OA journals and the launch of the OASPA (Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association) by setting out what I see as the 10 greatest challenges facing OA journals. I want to do this without pretending to set the association agenda and without presupposing that association members don’t already know these challenges very well. I m not a member of the association or even a publisher. I merely want to see OA journals succeed. In what follows, when I say "you", I m talking to those who edit or publish OA journals. I start with three disparities: the gap between journal performance and what prevailing metrics say about journal performance (#1); the gap between the vision of OA embodied in the Budapest, Bethesda, and Berlin statements and the access policies at 85% of OA journals (#2); and the gap between a journals quality and its prestige, even when the quality is high (#3). Then I move on to seven kinds of doubt: doubts about quality (#4), preservation (#5), honesty (#6), publication fees (#7), sustainability (#8), redirection (#9), and strategy (#10).