University of Tehran Global Media Journal-Persian Edition 2008-0468 6 1 2011 03 21 An Explanatory Analysis of Mobile Phone Usage Pattern among Medical Students of Yazd Shahid Sadoghi University of Medical Sciences, 2010 Cohorts An Explanatory Analysis of Mobile Phone Usage Pattern among Medical Students of Yazd Shahid Sadoghi University of Medical Sciences, 2010 Cohorts 66588 FA Mohammad Hosein Baghiyani Moghadam Hassan Shahbazi Journal Article 1970 01 01 The mobile phone usage is one of the modern phenomena of the electronic century that has increased between the families especially among the youth in Iran since a decade ago. The number of mobile users in the word increased from 12.4 million in 1990 to 5.3 billion in 2010. The most recent estimates indicate that the number of mobile users in Iran is now amounted to 41 million, i.e., 54 percent of the total population. It is also estimated that more than 85% of Iranian will be mobile owner until 2012. To us, the mobile has positive, negative, social and moral effects, but all the families don’t attend to negative aspects of this technology. The aim of this study is, therefore, to determine the pattern of mobile phone usage among students of Yazd Shahid Sadoghi University of Medical Sciences, as our sample case. This is the results of a cross sectional study and the samples were selected by simple random sampling from 245 students that were living in the university dorms. The data was collected and validated by using a questionnaire that it’s reliability and validity was determined by calculating the Cronbach alpha (α=0.835) and test- retest method. The questionnaire had two sections; 1- the demographic section; and, 2- a section that included questions that should have determined the pattern of mobile usage. The data were analyzed with SPSS, using Chi-squre test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation tests. Some findings indicate that 53% of female and 39% of male students decided to have a mobile set after they were accepted to attend the university. Also, there was a significant consequential difference between male and female student sin terms of a change in their life style. For instance, some 14% of female and 24% of male students argued that they were experiencing sleep disturbance after they were using mobile phones. The results also indicate that there is a significant decrease in student rate of communication with their family as opposed to an increase in communication with friends after using the mobile (5% and 8%) respectively. It is also worth mentioning that there is a need to educate the students how to be aware of the advantages and disadvantages of mobile usage. The mobile phone usage is one of the modern phenomena of the electronic century that has increased between the families especially among the youth in Iran since a decade ago. The number of mobile users in the word increased from 12.4 million in 1990 to 5.3 billion in 2010. The most recent estimates indicate that the number of mobile users in Iran is now amounted to 41 million, i.e., 54 percent of the total population. It is also estimated that more than 85% of Iranian will be mobile owner until 2012. To us, the mobile has positive, negative, social and moral effects, but all the families don’t attend to negative aspects of this technology. The aim of this study is, therefore, to determine the pattern of mobile phone usage among students of Yazd Shahid Sadoghi University of Medical Sciences, as our sample case. This is the results of a cross sectional study and the samples were selected by simple random sampling from 245 students that were living in the university dorms. The data was collected and validated by using a questionnaire that it’s reliability and validity was determined by calculating the Cronbach alpha (α=0.835) and test- retest method. The questionnaire had two sections; 1- the demographic section; and, 2- a section that included questions that should have determined the pattern of mobile usage. The data were analyzed with SPSS, using Chi-squre test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation tests. Some findings indicate that 53% of female and 39% of male students decided to have a mobile set after they were accepted to attend the university. Also, there was a significant consequential difference between male and female student sin terms of a change in their life style. For instance, some 14% of female and 24% of male students argued that they were experiencing sleep disturbance after they were using mobile phones. The results also indicate that there is a significant decrease in student rate of communication with their family as opposed to an increase in communication with friends after using the mobile (5% and 8%) respectively. It is also worth mentioning that there is a need to educate the students how to be aware of the advantages and disadvantages of mobile usage.

University of Tehran Global Media Journal-Persian Edition 2008-0468 6 1 2011 03 21 Analyzing the Relationship between ICT s and Body Image, with a Focus on Internet, the Case Study of Shiraz University Students Analyzing the Relationship between ICT s and Body Image, with a Focus on Internet, the Case Study of Shiraz University Students 66589 FA Bijan Khajehnoori Journal Article 1970 01 01 The objective of this research article is to analyze the causal nature of relationship between mass media in its old and new forms, on one hand, and body image, on the other. The theoretical framework of the research is designed in accordance with the Learning and Cultivation theories. The research hypotheses include; 1- there is a negative correlation between old media and body image; and, 2- there is a positive correlation between new media and body image. In order to test this hypothetical relationship, samples of students of Shiraz University were randomly selected. The research method was a quantitative one and used survey method to compare its claims with the actual data. Reliability of body image questionnaire was 0/77. Some of the Findings indicate and confirm that native and old media have negative relationship with modern body image, but new media have positive one. On the whole the research model could explain 31 percent of variations of body image of students of Shiraz University. The objective of this research article is to analyze the causal nature of relationship between mass media in its old and new forms, on one hand, and body image, on the other. The theoretical framework of the research is designed in accordance with the Learning and Cultivation theories. The research hypotheses include; 1- there is a negative correlation between old media and body image; and, 2- there is a positive correlation between new media and body image. In order to test this hypothetical relationship, samples of students of Shiraz University were randomly selected. The research method was a quantitative one and used survey method to compare its claims with the actual data. Reliability of body image questionnaire was 0/77. Some of the Findings indicate and confirm that native and old media have negative relationship with modern body image, but new media have positive one. On the whole the research model could explain 31 percent of variations of body image of students of Shiraz University.

University of Tehran Global Media Journal-Persian Edition 2008-0468 6 1 2011 03 21 A Communicative Analysis of the Roles of Saba Wind in Hafez’ Poetry A Communicative Analysis of the Roles of Saba Wind in Hafez’ Poetry 66590 FA Ali Asghar Kia Saeed Saghe’i Journal Article 1970 01 01 Analyzing the communicative roles of Saba Wind, this paper intends to investigate the quality and degree of role-taking of the concept of Saba Wind. Many natural elements are present in Hafez’ poetry and one of them is Saba Wind. In order to be easier to follow, the results of the research will be presented through diagrams, models, and tables. Performing some case studies on Hafez’ poems and comparing and contrasting these cases with each other resulted in a tree diagram which shows that Saba Wind plays six major roles consisting of eight subcategories. Saba Wind enjoys an outstanding position which, if viewed from the viewpoint of communication sciences, obviously demonstrates the components and concepts of a communication process. Saba Wind has a great many communicative roles in Hafez’ poetry; for instance it has the role of an informed source; i.e., as a sender it gives information; it conveys the message; as a channel, it transmits concepts and messages; it sometimes plays the role of a harbinger; it is the receiver of the message; it shapes the meaning in the mind of the receiver; in a nutshell, Saba Wind has a number of various communicative roles. Analyzing the communicative roles of Saba Wind, this paper intends to investigate the quality and degree of role-taking of the concept of Saba Wind. Many natural elements are present in Hafez’ poetry and one of them is Saba Wind. In order to be easier to follow, the results of the research will be presented through diagrams, models, and tables. Performing some case studies on Hafez’ poems and comparing and contrasting these cases with each other resulted in a tree diagram which shows that Saba Wind plays six major roles consisting of eight subcategories. Saba Wind enjoys an outstanding position which, if viewed from the viewpoint of communication sciences, obviously demonstrates the components and concepts of a communication process. Saba Wind has a great many communicative roles in Hafez’ poetry; for instance it has the role of an informed source; i.e., as a sender it gives information; it conveys the message; as a channel, it transmits concepts and messages; it sometimes plays the role of a harbinger; it is the receiver of the message; it shapes the meaning in the mind of the receiver; in a nutshell, Saba Wind has a number of various communicative roles.

University of Tehran Global Media Journal-Persian Edition 2008-0468 6 1 2011 03 21 Women and Cultural Development, after the Islamic Revolution (Strictly Cinema) Women and Cultural Development, after the Islamic Revolution (Strictly Cinema) 66591 FA Elaheh Koolaee Simin Behbahani Journal Article 1970 01 01 This article attempts to present the results of our study of the Iranian cultural experiments, and tries to show that after the Islamic Revolution of 1979, women have expanded their influential social roles, especially in the field of cinema. This is a contribution in the field of women and communication studies in Iran. The meaning of development implicates an improvement in every fild of life. Cultural development is maybe the most important element in this regard. All the governments across world try to reach multilateral and sustainable development, that its base is human. Human development has a direct relationship with cultural development and a number of questions that can be asked include; how can women develop the country’s culture? What are the obstacles in this way? Women are a half of the society, thus how can they implement their new roles? This is while some traditions are preventive in that regard. This article attempts to present the results of our study of the Iranian cultural experiments, and tries to show that after the Islamic Revolution of 1979, women have expanded their influential social roles, especially in the field of cinema. This is a contribution in the field of women and communication studies in Iran. The meaning of development implicates an improvement in every fild of life. Cultural development is maybe the most important element in this regard. All the governments across world try to reach multilateral and sustainable development, that its base is human. Human development has a direct relationship with cultural development and a number of questions that can be asked include; how can women develop the country’s culture? What are the obstacles in this way? Women are a half of the society, thus how can they implement their new roles? This is while some traditions are preventive in that regard.

University of Tehran Global Media Journal-Persian Edition 2008-0468 6 1 2011 03 21 A Study on the Dimensions of Internet Use and the Experienced Feelings of Iranian Users A Study on the Dimensions of Internet Use and the Experienced Feelings of Iranian Users 66592 FA Majeed Movahed Ruhollah Mozafari Mahboobeh Kavoosi Journal Article 1970 01 01 The main purpose of this research article is to present some various dimensions of internet usage that affect the experienced feelings the internet users. The main axiom of our study is that internet is now a crucial tool for Iranian users, as they collect the bulk of their information from that. However and despite many advantages and usefulness that Internet offers, our explorative study indicated that it has caused a number of socio-pathological problems. This then became the problematic and a research question that encouraged us to launch this study. We selected the statistical population of this research from all Shirazi people whose age was in range of 15 to 35 years old in the city of Shiraz. We then selected a sample of 400 respondents from among them. Collected data was analyzed in two levels using SPSS software; 1- descriptive level; and, 2- inferential level. At the inferential level, we applied One and Multi Variable Logistic Regression. The inferential analysis results indicated that there was a significant relationship between high daily internet usage, news-search usage and experienced feeling. Multivariate regression showed that high and average news-search usage and high usage entered to equation as entertainment dimension. The main purpose of this research article is to present some various dimensions of internet usage that affect the experienced feelings the internet users. The main axiom of our study is that internet is now a crucial tool for Iranian users, as they collect the bulk of their information from that. However and despite many advantages and usefulness that Internet offers, our explorative study indicated that it has caused a number of socio-pathological problems. This then became the problematic and a research question that encouraged us to launch this study. We selected the statistical population of this research from all Shirazi people whose age was in range of 15 to 35 years old in the city of Shiraz. We then selected a sample of 400 respondents from among them. Collected data was analyzed in two levels using SPSS software; 1- descriptive level; and, 2- inferential level. At the inferential level, we applied One and Multi Variable Logistic Regression. The inferential analysis results indicated that there was a significant relationship between high daily internet usage, news-search usage and experienced feeling. Multivariate regression showed that high and average news-search usage and high usage entered to equation as entertainment dimension.

University of Tehran Global Media Journal-Persian Edition 2008-0468 6 1 2011 03 21 Explaining threatens of information systems from users’ perspective Explaining threatens of information systems from users’ perspective 66593 FA Ali Rabiei Hajar Assef Journal Article 1970 01 01 The article here pre4sents an argument on feeling threatened by Information Technologies. The paper also tries to find out the characteristics of the threat perceived by citizens. We would situate the argument of this paper in the development literature and to some extent as an applicable one. It is a descriptive-survey research that can provide applicable recommendations. Theoretically, our argument originates from the proposition that whatever we do, ranging from online shopping to GPS cell phones and cars, from timecards to paying bills and withdrawing money using ATMs, we are continuously involved the world of information systems. The world around us indicates that it is a complicated world and is almost not easy to live in or to lead a business without the help of such systems. On the other hand, in spite of many advantages offered by Information systems, we experience threats imposed on individuals, organizations and on electronic aspects of these systems. Feeling threatened and insecure by citizens is a phenomenon which has many psychological and social consequences and it requires a research so to analyze these threats and the resolutions for diminishing them. In order to do this research we first selected ten academic experts and using DELPHI method to distribute our standard questionnaire. The respondents analyzed the most important threats of the information systems. These threats were gathered by a survey on 330 Tehrani citizens who had dealt with information systems in various ways. Some of the findings reveal that among individual, ethical, politico-psychological, socio-economic and cultural threats, resided the politico-psychological ones which were the most severely perceived threat. The article here pre4sents an argument on feeling threatened by Information Technologies. The paper also tries to find out the characteristics of the threat perceived by citizens. We would situate the argument of this paper in the development literature and to some extent as an applicable one. It is a descriptive-survey research that can provide applicable recommendations. Theoretically, our argument originates from the proposition that whatever we do, ranging from online shopping to GPS cell phones and cars, from timecards to paying bills and withdrawing money using ATMs, we are continuously involved the world of information systems. The world around us indicates that it is a complicated world and is almost not easy to live in or to lead a business without the help of such systems. On the other hand, in spite of many advantages offered by Information systems, we experience threats imposed on individuals, organizations and on electronic aspects of these systems. Feeling threatened and insecure by citizens is a phenomenon which has many psychological and social consequences and it requires a research so to analyze these threats and the resolutions for diminishing them. In order to do this research we first selected ten academic experts and using DELPHI method to distribute our standard questionnaire. The respondents analyzed the most important threats of the information systems. These threats were gathered by a survey on 330 Tehrani citizens who had dealt with information systems in various ways. Some of the findings reveal that among individual, ethical, politico-psychological, socio-economic and cultural threats, resided the politico-psychological ones which were the most severely perceived threat.

University of Tehran Global Media Journal-Persian Edition 2008-0468 6 1 2011 03 21 66594 FA Journal Article 1970 01 01 The article here pre4sents an argument on feeling threatened by Information Technologies. The paper also tries to find out the characteristics of the threat perceived by citizens. We would situate the argument of this paper in the development literature and to some extent as an applicable one. It is a descriptive-survey research that can provide applicable recommendations. Theoretically, our argument originates from the proposition that whatever we do, ranging from online shopping to GPS cell phones and cars, from timecards to paying bills and withdrawing money using ATMs, we are continuously involved the world of information systems. The world around us indicates that it is a complicated world and is almost not easy to live in or to lead a business without the help of such systems. On the other hand, in spite of many advantages offered by Information systems, we experience threats imposed on individuals, organizations and on electronic aspects of these systems. Feeling threatened and insecure by citizens is a phenomenon which has many psychological and social consequences and it requires a research so to analyze these threats and the resolutions for diminishing them. In order to do this research we first selected ten academic experts and using DELPHI method to distribute our standard questionnaire. The respondents analyzed the most important threats of the information systems. These threats were gathered by a survey on 330 Tehrani citizens who had dealt with information systems in various ways. Some of the findings reveal that among individual, ethical, politico-psychological, socio-economic and cultural threats, resided the politico-psychological ones which were the most severely perceived threat. The article here pre4sents an argument on feeling threatened by Information Technologies. The paper also tries to find out the characteristics of the threat perceived by citizens. We would situate the argument of this paper in the development literature and to some extent as an applicable one. It is a descriptive-survey research that can provide applicable recommendations. Theoretically, our argument originates from the proposition that whatever we do, ranging from online shopping to GPS cell phones and cars, from timecards to paying bills and withdrawing money using ATMs, we are continuously involved the world of information systems. The world around us indicates that it is a complicated world and is almost not easy to live in or to lead a business without the help of such systems. On the other hand, in spite of many advantages offered by Information systems, we experience threats imposed on individuals, organizations and on electronic aspects of these systems. Feeling threatened and insecure by citizens is a phenomenon which has many psychological and social consequences and it requires a research so to analyze these threats and the resolutions for diminishing them. In order to do this research we first selected ten academic experts and using DELPHI method to distribute our standard questionnaire. The respondents analyzed the most important threats of the information systems. These threats were gathered by a survey on 330 Tehrani citizens who had dealt with information systems in various ways. Some of the findings reveal that among individual, ethical, politico-psychological, socio-economic and cultural threats, resided the politico-psychological ones which were the most severely perceived threat.

University of Tehran Global Media Journal-Persian Edition 2008-0468 6 1 2011 03 21 66595 FA Journal Article 1970 01 01 The article here pre4sents an argument on feeling threatened by Information Technologies. The paper also tries to find out the characteristics of the threat perceived by citizens. We would situate the argument of this paper in the development literature and to some extent as an applicable one. It is a descriptive-survey research that can provide applicable recommendations. Theoretically, our argument originates from the proposition that whatever we do, ranging from online shopping to GPS cell phones and cars, from timecards to paying bills and withdrawing money using ATMs, we are continuously involved the world of information systems. The world around us indicates that it is a complicated world and is almost not easy to live in or to lead a business without the help of such systems. On the other hand, in spite of many advantages offered by Information systems, we experience threats imposed on individuals, organizations and on electronic aspects of these systems. Feeling threatened and insecure by citizens is a phenomenon which has many psychological and social consequences and it requires a research so to analyze these threats and the resolutions for diminishing them. In order to do this research we first selected ten academic experts and using DELPHI method to distribute our standard questionnaire. The respondents analyzed the most important threats of the information systems. These threats were gathered by a survey on 330 Tehrani citizens who had dealt with information systems in various ways. Some of the findings reveal that among individual, ethical, politico-psychological, socio-economic and cultural threats, resided the politico-psychological ones which were the most severely perceived threat. The article here pre4sents an argument on feeling threatened by Information Technologies. The paper also tries to find out the characteristics of the threat perceived by citizens. We would situate the argument of this paper in the development literature and to some extent as an applicable one. It is a descriptive-survey research that can provide applicable recommendations. Theoretically, our argument originates from the proposition that whatever we do, ranging from online shopping to GPS cell phones and cars, from timecards to paying bills and withdrawing money using ATMs, we are continuously involved the world of information systems. The world around us indicates that it is a complicated world and is almost not easy to live in or to lead a business without the help of such systems. On the other hand, in spite of many advantages offered by Information systems, we experience threats imposed on individuals, organizations and on electronic aspects of these systems. Feeling threatened and insecure by citizens is a phenomenon which has many psychological and social consequences and it requires a research so to analyze these threats and the resolutions for diminishing them. In order to do this research we first selected ten academic experts and using DELPHI method to distribute our standard questionnaire. The respondents analyzed the most important threats of the information systems. These threats were gathered by a survey on 330 Tehrani citizens who had dealt with information systems in various ways. Some of the findings reveal that among individual, ethical, politico-psychological, socio-economic and cultural threats, resided the politico-psychological ones which were the most severely perceived threat.